What is meant by 'presumption' in a debate context?

In the context of debate, 'presumption' refers to the default position held by participants regarding a particular argument or side of the debate. Specifically, it represents a pre-existing bias toward one side, often favoring the status quo or the affirmative in a resolution unless substantial evidence is presented to the contrary. This concept is rooted in the idea that the existing state of affairs should remain until new and compelling arguments justify a change.

Presumption operates on the principle that the burden of proof lies with the side challenging the status quo or the initial position, meaning they must provide sufficient evidence and arguments to overturn that initial bias. This understanding helps debaters strategically formulate their arguments and anticipate the needs for rebuttals against the side they are opposing, thus emphasizing the significance of sound evidence and reasoned arguments in a debate initiative.